Sager Traction Splint: Application Steps, Instructions, Parts, Training, and How It Works for Femur Fractures

Content:

• What is Sager Traction Splint?
• Application Steps
• Instructions
• Parts
• Training
• How It Works for Femur Fractures

What is Sager Traction Splint?

The Sager Traction Splint is a medical device designed to provide traction to a fractured femur (thigh bone) in emergency settings. Its main goal is to reduce pain, prevent further injury, and align the broken bone during transport to a medical facility. Unlike traditional traction splints, the Sager is applied to the inner side of the leg and uses a single frame to treat either leg or both legs simultaneously. This design makes it a preferred choice for many emergency responders due to its simplicity, adaptability, and quick application. The splint works by applying controlled and measurable traction force to counteract the muscle spasms that typically occur after a femur fracture. It also helps reduce internal bleeding and prevent damage to surrounding nerves and tissues. The Sager Traction Splint is widely used by paramedics, EMTs, and military personnel and is considered a life-saving tool in trauma management. Understanding its components and correct application is essential for effective and safe use.

Application Steps

Applying the Sager Traction Splint involves a series of organized and careful steps to ensure the patient's safety and effective traction. First, assess the injury and check for signs of a femur fracture, such as intense thigh pain, deformity, or shortening of the leg. Ensure the patient is stable, then expose and inspect the affected leg. Manual traction should be applied to reduce movement during the procedure. Position the splint under the leg with the ischial pad against the groin. The splint should lie along the inside of the injured leg. Next, secure the ankle strap around the patient's foot and connect it to the traction mechanism. Pull back on the handle or ratchet until the appropriate amount of traction is achieved. The amount of force needed typically depends on the patient’s weight, often calculated using a simple formula (about 10% of body weight, not exceeding 15 lbs). After traction is set, fasten the thigh, knee, and leg straps to hold the limb in place. Recheck distal pulses, movement, and sensation to ensure circulation is not compromised. Proper practice makes this process smooth and fast during emergencies.

Instructions

Using the Sager Traction Splint correctly involves following clear manufacturer instructions, often provided in the packaging or device manual. Start by familiarizing yourself with all the splint’s components before attempting application. Lay the splint next to the patient and adjust the length according to the leg. The ischial pad must be firmly positioned in the groin to provide counter-traction. The traction bar should be aligned with the leg’s length and not interfere with the patient's body alignment or comfort. Ensure the ankle harness is secure and correctly positioned just above the heel. Once traction is applied, verify that the leg appears aligned, and the patient experiences reduced pain. Secure all straps from top to bottom, ensuring even pressure. Avoid over-tightening, as this can lead to circulation problems. Always monitor the patient closely after application, especially during transport. Following the step-by-step instructions guarantees both safety and effectiveness, making this splint a reliable tool in trauma care.

Parts

The Sager Traction Splint consists of several key parts that work together to apply traction effectively and safely. The central component is the **traction frame**, a metal rod structure that runs alongside the inside of the leg. Attached to the top of the frame is the **ischial pad**, which rests against the inner thigh near the groin and provides the counter-traction needed for proper alignment. This pad is cushioned to ensure comfort and to prevent pressure injuries during prolonged transport. The **ankle harness** is another essential part, securing the foot and serving as the point where traction is applied. There is also a **traction adjustment mechanism**, which can be a ratchet or sliding handle, used to apply the necessary pulling force. Velcro or buckle-style **leg straps** are placed around the thigh, knee, and calf to secure the limb to the splint. Most models come with **measurement indicators** or guides that help providers apply the correct amount of traction based on patient weight. Knowing each part’s function helps ensure efficient application during emergencies.

Training

Proper training in the use of the Sager Traction Splint is essential for emergency responders, paramedics, and first aid providers. Many EMS and trauma care courses include hands-on sessions with the Sager splint as part of their trauma module. Trainees learn how to identify femur fractures, when to apply traction, and how to assemble and adjust the splint safely. Training often includes simulation-based learning, where individuals practice application on mannequins or live volunteers in timed drills. Regular practice helps responders build confidence and reduce errors during real emergencies. Training should also cover safety precautions, contraindications (like suspected pelvic fractures), and how to assess circulation before and after application. Some advanced courses may go into greater detail on the biomechanics of traction, different patient scenarios, and troubleshooting during splint use. Having a good grasp of how and when to apply the Sager splint can make a major difference in patient outcomes and transport safety.

How It Works for Femur Fractures

The Sager Traction Splint is specifically designed to manage femur fractures, which are among the most painful and dangerous limb injuries due to the potential for internal bleeding and nerve damage. When a femur breaks, the surrounding muscles contract forcefully, pulling the bone fragments and causing pain, instability, and further injury. The Sager splint counters this by gently pulling the leg to restore its normal length and alignment. This relieves muscle spasms, reduces bleeding, and minimizes pain. The splint uses a traction force that's adjustable and measurable, allowing providers to apply just enough pull without overdoing it. By realigning the femur, the splint reduces the risk of complications like compartment syndrome and helps stabilize the patient for safe transport to the hospital. Because it is positioned medially (inside the leg), the Sager splint is easier to apply in tight spaces like ambulances. This efficiency and reliability make it a top choice for managing femur fractures in emergency trauma care.